When booting, a Raspberry Pi will load the appropriate start files, depending on the provided configuration. For example, if the config.txt file contains: gpu_mem=16 the board will automatically load the cut-down startup files (start_cd.elf and fixup_cd.dat on non-Rpi4). Unfortunately, even when the appropriate version is selected in the configuration menu (in this example, BR2_PACKAGE_RPI_FIRMWARE_BOOT="_cd") if the rpi-firmware makefile takes the good files, it renames them to non-qualified, i.e. start.elf and fixup.dat. But as these are not the files searched by the Raspberry Pi, the board will not start. I will provide a patch.
Fixed by https://git.buildroot.org/buildroot/commit/?id=72bf704f0313b314bc52dbebfd2b2e62d4fed5b3, thanks